Objective
To evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of vascular interventional techniques in treating neonatal Budd-Chiari syndrome, kaposiform hemangioendothelioma, superior vena cava obstruction, and head/neck vascular anomalies.
Materials and Methods
This single-center retrospective study analyzed 16 neonates (≤28 days) who underwent vascular intervention between July 2021 and December 2024. Cases included head/neck vascular anomalies (11, 68.75%), kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (3, 18.75%), superior vena cava obstruction (1, 6.25%), and Budd-Chiari syndrome (1, 6.25%). Interventions included transcatheter arterial embolization (14) and venous balloon dilation (2).
Results
Technical success rate was 100% (16/16). Clinical effectiveness reached 93.75% (15/16), with complete symptom resolution in 12 cases (75.0%), partial improvement in 3 (18.75%), and no improvement in 1 (6.25%). By disease type, clinical effectiveness was 90.9% for vascular anomalies, 100% for kaposiform hemangioendothelioma, superior vena cava obstruction, and Budd-Chiari syndrome. Mean hospitalization was 9.2±3.1 days. No intervention-related complications occurred. At 12-month follow-up, 14 patients (87.5%) maintained clinical improvement, while 2 (12.5%) required secondary intervention.
Conclusion
Vascular interventional techniques demonstrate excellent safety and efficacy in treating complex neonatal vascular diseases, offering a minimally invasive option for high-risk cases. Implementation requires specialized neonatal intervention teams with careful consideration of physiological characteristics, weight limitations, and contrast agent dosage.
Keywords: Neonatal 、Transcatheter embolization、Minimally invasive therapy
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