Aim: Pediatric colorectal cancer (CRC) is extremely rare and composes only 1% of all pediatric tumors. However, compared to adults, children tend to have advanced-stage disease at the time of diagnosis and a poor prognosis. We are presenting a patient with metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma who developed secondary malignancy T cell lymphoma in long term post-operative follow up.
Case: A 12-year-old male patient presented to the pediatric clinic with abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea (9-10 times per day) and iron deficiency anemia. The patient was referred to our clinic after 2 months due to persistent bloody diarrhea and treatment resistant iron deficiency anemia. After a mass was palpated in a digital rectal exam, rectosigmoid mass and multiple liver metastases was detected in radiologic screening. Colonoscopy was performed; at the recto-sigmoid level a lumen occluding mass was found and biopsied. The biopsy result showed colorectal adenocarcinoma and he was given 7 course of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy by pediatric oncology. The size of the tumor was decreased after chemotherapy and low anterior resection was performed. After the complete remission was reached with chemotherapy and surgical treatment we followed him up together with pediatric oncology. In 3-year follow up, chest CT scan showed a 3.5x5 cm mass in the anterior mediastinum. CT scan guided tru-cut biopsy was performed and the biopsy revealed T cell lymphoblastic lymphoma. Multiple lymphadenopathies were also found in the abdominal cavity after screening and he was diagnosed with secondary primary malignancy – Stage 3 T cell lymphoma. Currently, the patient is being treated by pediatric oncology with BFM-90 protocol.
Conclusion: Surgeons and pediatric oncologist should be aware of seconder malignancies during follow-up of colorectal carcinoma in childhood.
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